四旋翼倾转飞行器操纵冗余设计

建立了四旋翼倾转飞行器旋翼、机翼、机身的非线性气动模型和飞行动力学模型,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了仿真模型,根据仿真模型计算各个操纵面的操纵效率,确定了不同状态下各个通道需要用到的操纵方式,结合飞行动力学模型和操纵方式,在纵向通道上进行了全包线的配平计算,表明了操纵策略的可行性。     

Flow mechanism between purge flow and mainstream in different turbine rim seal configurations

The rim seal is used to prevent mainstream ingestion to the gap between the vane of a turbine and its blade. In this article, the dolphin lip with a hook configuration and a large seal cavity with hook structures are designed based on the high-pressure turbine datum single shark lip rim seal configuration. The sealing effect and parameters of the flow field are measured by an experiment method and a numerical simulation is used to explain the mechanism. For three configurations, the effect of the leakage slot vortex on the efficiency of the seal and the influence of leakage vortex, generated by the interaction between purge flow and mainstream flow, are discussed in depth. The result shows that the reverse vortex formed by the dolphin lip rim seal with hook structure will increase the sealing efficiency. The seal configuration with a large cavity improves sealing efficiency to a greater extent than the datum structure. At different purge flow rates and with unequal seal structures, the purge flow produces three types of leakage vortices in the passage. Besides, the seal configuration with dolphin lip produces a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface of the purge and the mainstream flows at a low purge flow rate to induce new leakage vortex branches in the passage of the blade.     

先进战斗机过失速机动大气数据融合估计方法

可控的过失速机动是先进战斗机超机动性能的重要标志，飞机飞行包线的扩大已超出传统的大气数据系统测量范围，可靠的迎角、侧滑角、总压、静压等飞行大气数据是制约先进战斗机过失速机动中飞行控制的关键因素。以中国推力矢量验证机为对象，基于过失速机动飞行试验的数据，开展大气参数估计与验证研究。结合过失速机动的时间与空间特性，研究了基于风速、地速、空速矢量和惯性姿态、导航参数的大气参数融合计算方法；针对过失速大迎角状态下飞机周围气流非定常、模型非线性导致的融合大气参数误差的复杂特性，进一步构建深度神经网络，对机动状态融合迎角、侧滑角的强非线性误差进行拟合。仿真和飞行试验表明：该方法可在大迎角飞行状态下实现主要大气参数的融合估计，过失速机动过程中融合迎角误差优于2.3°，融合得到的大气参数可为过失速大迎角机动飞行控制提供可靠的大气参数状态反馈。     

Near-wall topological patterns and flow structures over a simplified Danaus plexippus model

Studies on the high-lift mechanisms of butterfly gliding flights shed light on the design of the micro air vehicles. The flow field around a simplified Danaus plexippus model is investigated using the hydrogen bubble visualization and the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques. There are three near-wall topological patterns with different Angles of Attack (AoAs): the separation bubble, the Leading-Edge Vortex (LEV) and the high AoAs flow. For the separation bubble pattern, two saddles and two foci form in the middle of the model. The features of the LEV pattern are the leading-edge separation lines. The topological characteristics of the separation lines are changed by the interaction between the LEV and the Wing-Tip Vortex (WTV). For the high AoAs flow pattern, four unstable foci are found at the forewing and the hindwing respectively. The angle between the trajectory of the WTV and the model increases with increasing AoA even though the slope of the WTV angle versus AoA curve declines at the moderate AoAs.     

航空电子产品电磁环境效应模块化设计方法

对高强度辐射场（HIRF）环境特点与干扰类型进行分析，采用理论计算、计算机仿真技术（CST）的仿真分析及实测等方法分别对某型飞机航空电子系统综合显示单元的外部强电磁辐射场孔缝耦合、场线耦合及芯片前端电路影响关键芯片的相关规律进行了研究，给出了相关设计建议。结果表明，可通过分析孔缝、场线耦合获得进入关键芯片前端电路的电磁干扰能量，再结合关键芯片前端电路网络对干扰的插入损耗分析，获得关键芯片在外部强场激励下的感应电压。     

基于改进粒子群优化模糊控制的MPPT算法研究

在光照强度和温度变化时,常规的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法难以快速准确地跟踪光伏系统最大功率点。针对此问题,设计了一种改进粒子群优化算法(PSO)的模糊控制器。首先,依据常规MPPT特性,设计了一种带调整因子的模糊控制算法以快速收敛到最大功率点；然后,采用参数自适应PSO对设计的模糊控制器调整因子进行动态优化。仿真结果表明:所设计的参数自适应PSO优化模糊控制器能快速准确地跟踪最大功率点,保证了MPPT的动态响应速度和稳态精度,提高了光伏系统的工作效率。     

涡环伞降末敏子弹的稳态扫描动力学特性

综合采取理论建模、高空自由落体试验及可视化仿真相结合的方法,研究了一种涡环伞降末敏子弹的稳态扫描动力学特性。基于第一类拉格朗日方程,建立了由弹体、降落伞、伞盘、摩擦盘、连杆所组成的五刚体动力学模型,并应用ADAMS、MATALB及VR相结合的方法进行了弹道计算和可视化仿真研究。通过在高空热气球上投放试验样弹的方法,得到了伞弹系统的运动图像、平均落速、转速等弹道数据。对比研究得出:涡环伞的运动稳定性良好,可使末敏子弹保持匀速旋转降落状态,弹体达到稳定后的落速约为13.5 m/s,转速约为3 r/s,稳态扫描角接近于弹体的静态悬挂角,仿真计算与试验结果的一致性较好。      

机匣处理作用下高负荷轴流压气机转/静子匹配设计研究

为了探索机匣处理作用下转/静子的轴向匹配方法以进一步提高压气机级的失速裕度,研究了静子的叶型安装角及"弯"、"掠"规律对压气机性能的影响,针对机匣处理与优化静子的组合结构进行了非定常数值模拟,阐述了该结构的扩稳机理以及压气机新的失速机制。研究结果表明,在机匣处理作用下,静子成为压气机失速的触发因素,通过对静子叶型安装角及"弯"、"掠"规律的优化均可进一步提高压气机级的失速裕度,其中改变静子"弯"型对压气机级失速裕度的改善最大。组合应用机匣处理与尖部反弯根部正弯静子后,压气机效率基本不变,失速裕度提升了80.2%,较单独使用机匣处理提升30.9%。在该组合结构作用下,压气机的失速由静子触发,静子叶根吸力面在激波作用下发生附面层分离,且与轮毂表面附面层相互作用形成角区涡,接近失速边界时,静子叶根形成"前缘溢流,尾缘反流"现象,造成静子通道的大范围堵塞,诱发压气机失速。压气机级的扩稳应充分考虑机匣处理的影响,对静子进行优化设计。     

Distributed intelligent self-organized mission planning of multi-UAV for dynamic targets cooperative search-attack

This article studies the cooperative search-attack mission problem with dynamic targets and threats, and presents a Distributed Intelligent Self-Organized Mission Planning (DISOMP) algorithm for multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (multi-UAV). The DISOMP algorithm can be divided into four modules: a search module designed based on the distributed Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, an attack module designed based on the Parallel Approach (PA) scheme, a threat avoidance module designed based on the Dubins Curve (DC) and a communication module designed for information exchange among the multi-UAV system and the dynamic environment. A series of simulations of multi-UAV searching and attacking the moving targets are carried out, in which the search-attack mission completeness, execution efficiency and system suitability of the DISOMP algorithm are analyzed. The simulation results exhibit that the DISOMP algorithm based on online distributed down-top strategy is characterized by good flexibility, scalability and adaptability, in the dynamic targets searching and attacking problem.     

战术导弹中小型固体发动机技术的发展

通过对战术导弹中小型固体发动机具体发展需求的分析,明确了高能化、轻质化、可控化和低易损4个主要的中小型固体发动机发展方向。可以从提高推进剂黏合剂密度和燃烧室工作压强来实现高能化;采用轻质高性能金属壳体、纤维缠绕复合材料壳体以及提高绝热层性能以实现轻质化;可控化需要在高功率密度的驱动装置、高精度的控制算法等方面获得突破和支撑;低易损则可以从钝感推进剂、主动扩稳、防护材料等途径开展工作。通过对这4个技术方向上国内外研究现状和发展趋势进行梳理,明确提出未来研究需要突破推进剂和热防护原材料、新型装药工艺、可调燃气阀门、压力闭环控制和有效扩稳等关键技术,加速工程化进程,为我国战术导弹的跨越式发展提供支撑。